The circuit reverses the characteristics of the wheel, 
just as Xerography reverses the characteristics of 
the printing press. Before printing, the scribe, 
author and publisher became highly specialized and 
centralized forms of action. With Xerography, 
author and publisher and reader tend to merge once 
more. Whereas the printed book had been the first 
mass-produced product, creating uniform prices 
and markets, Xerography tends to restore the 
custom-made book. Writing and publishing tend to 
become services of a corporate and inclusive kind. 
The printed word created the Public. The Public 
consists of separate individuals, each with his own 
point of view. Electric circuitry does not create a